Democracy and Greece's Golden Age Terms

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Direct democracy- a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives.
Classical art- Art with values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion.
Tragedy- A serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal.
Comedy- A play containing scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor; often made fun of politics and respected people and ideas.
Peloponnesian War- War which ended in a truce between Sparta and Athens. Athens began the war with a stronger navy and Sparta with a stronger army.
Philosophers- "lovers of wisdom" who seek the truth.
Socrates- Philosopher who believed that absolute standards existed for truth and justice, he encouraged people to question themselves but was later put to death for his ideas.
Plato- Student of Socrates who wrote The Republic which set forth his vision of a perfectly governed society where all citizens fell into 3 classes, farmers and artisans, warriors, and the ruling class. The person from the ruling class with the most intellect would become philosopher-king.
Aristotle- Questioned the nature of the world and human belief, thought, and knowledge. Created a method of arguing using the rules of logic. His work provides the basis of the scientific method used today.


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